Posts tagged Jurisdiction

Delaware Supreme Court Affirms Forum Selection Clause

Ingres Corporation v CA Inc. , C.A. 105, 2010 (December 1, 2010)

This decision strongly affirms that a forum selection clause that picks Delaware is going to be enforced in Delaware.  That is true even when there is prior litigation elsewhere.

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Delaware Superior Court Creates Commercial Litigation Division

Delaware's Superior Court has joined the ranks of courts in other states by creating a "business court" for commercial disputes between companies. The new "court" is technically a division within the existing Delaware Superior Court and has major advantages for resolving business disputes. Among those are:

1. Three very experienced judges have been assigned to cases filed in the new divisions and will stay with those cases until they are completed.

2. Each case will be subject to a tight case management order designed to control litigation expenses and keep the litigation moving to completion.

3. Discovery of electronically stored data will be subject to special "e-discovery' orders that will limit expense and avoid disputes.

4. Protocols are to be adopted for each case to control expert witness discovery and the recovery of inadvertently produced privileged information.

The creation of this new division followed an extensive review of business courts through out the United States by a Special Committee and adopts the best procedures of those other courts. The Delaware Superior Court and the Delaware Court of Chancery have been consistently voted the best courts for business disputes in the United States.  For more details, see the Administrative Directive establishing the new division and the Special Committee's report.

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Court Of Chancery Upholds Forum Selection In England

Ashall Homes Limited v. ROK Entertainment Group Inc., C.A. 4643-VCS (April 23, 2010)

This decision is interesting because it upholds a forum selection clause requiring litigation in England.  How these parties could have not chosen Delaware seems unbeliveable.

The opinion also applied the forum selection not just to disputes that were based on the parties' contract, but also to tort claims that arose out of the same facts.  In short, you cannot plead around the forum you chose.

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Supreme Court Clarifies Forum Non Conveniens Rules

Lisa, S.A. v. Mayorga,  C.A. 410, 2009  (Del.  April 20, 2010)

This decision clarifies the effect of where an action is first filed.  When the case is filed first in Delaware, a Delaware court may only dismiss it on the grounds the forum is inconvenient when the defendant can show it will be an "overwhelming hardship" to litigate it in Delaware.

On the other hand, when an action is first filed in a forum other than Delaware, the general rule is to defer to the other jurisdiction and stay or dismiss the second suit filed in Delaware.  While there are numerous exceptions to this general rule, the burden is much less to have the case dismissed.

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Court of Chancery Extends Jurisdiction to Parent Entity

Vichi v. Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V., C.A. 2578-VCP (December 1, 2009)

This decision provides a full review of the basis for jurisdiction over foreign entities by the Court of Chancery. This includes a discussion of the limits of the conspiracy theory of jurisdiction.

Most interestingly, the Court holds that a parent company may be subject to Delaware jurisdiction because of the acts of agents of its subsidiaries, at least when those agents had the apparent authority to act for the parent. That may occur when, as here, the parent entity touts the business interrelationship of it and all its subsidiaries. This is another example of getting not wanting what you wished for and a caution against ignoring the separateness of corporate entities in how they do business.

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Court of Chancery Explains McWane Exceptions

Choice Hotels International Inc. v. Columbus-Hunt Park DR BNK Investors LLC, C.A. 4353-VCP (October 15, 2009)

Delaware courts frequently must decide if a case filed in Delaware should be stayed in favor of another action filed elsewhere. While we wonder why anyone would want to leave Delaware, it happens. This decision carefully reviews when even "summary" proceedings filed in Delaware may be stayed in favor of another litigation. When a "summary" proceeding seeks to determine who is in change of a Delaware entity, there is a policy against staying the action because of the need to promptly resolve that important issue.

This is a case where that policy did not overcome the rule that a first filed action should proceed even over a Delaware case. Of course, given that the plaintiff in Delaware had filed first in Maryland, that hurt its claim to proceed in Delaware. The use of a status quo order also mitigated against the need to move quickly in Delaware.

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Court of Chancery Upholds Jurisdiction Over Nonresident Partner

Total Holdings USA Inc. v. Curran Composites, Inc., C.A. 4494-VCS (October 9, 2009).

In a case of first impression, the Court of Chancery has upheld its jurisdiction over a nonresident partner in a Delaware partnership. The current version of the Delaware Uniform Partnership Act authorizes jurisdiction over nonresident partners for disputes arising out of the internal affairs of the partnership. Here the parties' joint venture agreement expressly created a partnership "under Delaware law," and that was enough to support the Court's jurisdiction over a partner who had no other contact with Delaware.

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Superior Court Holds Chancery Has Exclusive Jurisdiction To Appoint Arbitrator

Firemen's Insurance Co. v. Birch Pointe Condo. Assoc., Inc., C.A. No. 08C-04-081 JAP (Del. Super. Dec. 17, 2008).

In this decision, the Superior Court ruled sua sponte that it lacked subject matter jurisdiction over an action seeking declaratory relief and requesting the appointment of an arbitrator. The court held that under 10 Del. C. § 5704 the Court of Chancery has exclusive jurisdiction to appoint an arbitrator when the parties’ agreed upon method of appointment fails for any reason.   

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Court of Chancery Denies Jurisdiction Over Stock Appreciation Rights Suit

Testa v. Nixon Uniform Service, Inc., C.A.3886-VCS (Del. Ch. Nov. 21, 2008)

In a novel attempt to invoke the jurisdiction of the Court of Chancery, the plaintiff tried to rely upon Section 111(a)(2) of the Delaware General Corporation Law that provides the Court of Chancery jurisdiction in disputes over stock. Here the plaintiff was really seeking money damages for the failure to be paid the full value of his SARs. The court held this was a claim for money damages that it did not have jurisdiction to decide, not a claim over ownership of stock.

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District Court Denies Motion to Dismiss, Allows Duty of Care, Loyalty and Fraud Claims to Proceed

Ad Hoc Comm. of Equity Holders of Tectonic Network, Inc. v. Wolford, 2008 WL 212 7464 (D. Del. May 21, 2008)

The District Court recently allowed claims for breach of the duties of care and loyalty against former directors and officers of Tectonic Network, Inc. (the “Company”) to go forward, rejecting Defendants’ jurisdiction, standing and insufficient claim arguments. Plaintiff, an Ad Hoc Committee of Equity Holders in the Company, sued Defendants for purportedly improper conduct in connection with the acquisition of three businesses and the resulting sale of one of the Company’s subsidiaries. Plaintiff alleged that Defendant Officers (Officer #1 and Officer #2) committed fraud related to the Company’s actions, and all Defendants breached their fiduciary duties. Specifically, Plaintiff alleged that the Defendants breached their fiduciary duties in recommending and/or approving the acquisition of the three businesses, all of which Officer #1 had a majority interest in. Plaintiff also alleged that the Defendant Officers committed fraud in making material misrepresentations to the board regarding the profitability of the acquired businesses and the prospective profitability of a future business plan that resulted in the sale of the Company’s subsidiary. Subsequent to acquisitions and sales, the Company’s financial picture worsened, and it filed for voluntary Chapter 11 bankruptcy. The Bankruptcy Court lifted the stay to allow Plaintiff to press its claims outside of the bankruptcy proceedings. More ›

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District Court Dismisses Declaratory Relief, Contract Claim for Lack of Personal Jurisdiction

Solae, LLC v. Hershey Canada Inc., 2008 WL 2011914 (D. Del. May 9, 2008)

Solae LLC (“Solae”), a Delaware LLC with a principal place of business in Missouri, brought a declaratory relief and breach of contract action in Delaware District Court against Hershey Canada, Inc. (“Hershey Canada”), a Canadian corporation with its principal place of business in Ontario. The claims arose out of a contract for Solea’s provision of soy lecithin to Hershey Canada’s Ontario facility. A shipment of the product contained salmonella, prompting a recall of Hershey Canada’s product in Canada and a Canadian government investigation. Hershey Canada informed Solae that it was liable for any ensuing damages from the recall and investigation, and also refused to accept or pay for additional deliveries of the product under the contract. Solae thereafter initiated this declaratory relief and breach action, and Hershey Canada sought dismissal, among other things, on lack of personal jurisdiction grounds.  More ›

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Court of Chancery Upholds LLC Agreement Voting Rights

Fisk Ventuers LLC v. Segal, C.A. 3017-CC (Del. Ch. May 7, 2008)

A Delaware LLC is a creature of the members' contract. Here the LLC agreement gave voting rights to a class of members that effectively gave them veto rights over certain actions. When those members exercised those veto rights, the other members sued claiming that constituted a breach of duty. The Chancellor flatly rejected that argument as an attack on the veto rights that were given in the LLC Agreement.

The opinion also holds that a member's consultation with his designated managers on the LLC Board does not give Delaware jurisdiction over that member under the long arm statute's provisions that subject managers to jurisdiction in Delaware.

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Delaware Retains Top Ranking for Fairness of Litigation Climate

For the seventh year in a row, Delaware received the highest score in a nationwide survey of state liability systems undertaken by the U.S. Chamber Institute for Legal Reform.  Delaware ranked at the top of eight of the twelve categories ranked, including judicial competence, judicial impartiality, timeliness of summary judgment or dismissal, treatment of class action suits, and overall treatment of tort and contract litigation.  The survey did record a slight decline from last year in Delaware's rankings of jury predictability and jury fairness.  The report can be viewed at www.instituteforlegalreform.com. Share

District Court Finds That Participation in Delaware Merger Confers Jurisdiction, Denies Motion to Dismiss

G & G LLC v. White, 2008 WL 205150 (D. Del. Jan. 25, 2008)

In this opinion declining to dismiss for lack of personal jurisdiction, the District Court found that it had personal jurisdiction over both the directors/officers of a Delaware corporation and over a foreign corporation that invested in a Delaware corporation. Plaintiff was a Virginia limited liability company that loaned $2.5 million to a Utah corporation. Plaintiff was granted a security interest in the Utah corporation’s assets, and perfected that interest by filing the required financing statements in Utah. However, the Utah corporation subsequently was merged with and into a Delaware corporation. Plaintiff asserted that this was done at the insistence of various defendants that were seeking to invest in the Utah corporation after Plaintiff informed them that it would not agree to subordinate its security interest to theirs. Plaintiff posited that the investor defendants thereafter controlled the Utah corporation and the Delaware corporation it was merged into, and fraudulently concealed the merger to prevent Plaintiff from perfecting its security interest upon the merger, while at the same time perfecting their own in Delaware. Plaintiff pointed to numerous instances where the Utah corporation, the Delaware corporation, their counsel, the directors/officers of the Delaware corporation (who were appointed by the investor defendants), and the investor defendants failed to notify Plaintiff of the merger and/or made misrepresentations regarding the continuing status of the corporation as a Utah corporation. Taking the allegations as true, the Court found that the actions of the investor defendants and the directors they appointed was sufficient to confer specific jurisdiction over them.  More ›

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Superior Court: Equitable Counterclaim Does Not Equal Ticket to Chancery

Rembrandt Technologies, LP v. Harris Corp., 2007 WL 4237752 (Del. Super. Nov. 30, 2007). 

This decision demonstrates the willingness of Delaware courts to uphold the plaintiff’s choice of forum (between the Superior Court and the Court of Chancery), despite an argument by the defendant that transferring courts would allow the hearing of all claims and thus promote judicial economy.  More ›

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